We report a case of a 65-year-old man with Behcet's disease who presented with massive hemoptysis caused by bronchial varices. A computed tomography (CT) scan and bronchoscopy were performed to identify the bleeding site. The CT scan revealed pneumonia and a combined hemorrhage in the right-middle and lower lobes. Massive bleeding was detected during the bronchoscopy and emergency embolization was attempted but angiographic findings were normal. An anteriojugulo-right femoral bypass operation was performed to relieve the tortuous and hypertrophied jugular venous obstruction. However, thrombectomy and thrombolysis followed because of graft thrombosis six days post-surgery. The patient was treated with steroid and high-dose cyclophosphamide therapy for his Behçet's disease, which caused the venous obstructions; the saccular bronchial varices in the right-middle and right lower lobes on bronchoscopy regressed slightly after four cycles of cyclophosphamide therapy

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• Localized Bronchial Hyperemia in Cases of Iatrogenic Hemoptysis: Clinical Presentations and Pathophysiological Mechanisms
  Abdelfattah Touman, Vlasios Vitsas, Angelakis Leonidas, Lutz Freitag, Grigoris K. Stratakos
  Respiration.2020; 99(5): 431.     CrossRef